Ndeapi Matambudziko Madiki Ehutano Asingatarisirwi Kuwanda Pamba Muzhizha Rino?

Chakuvhuvhu chiri mumba idambudziko guru rinokonzerwa neSick Building Syndrome, matambudziko ekufema, uye kunyange kuora mwoyo. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura matanho matatu akakosha ekurwisa chakuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvhuvu ...

Munzvimbo zhinji dziri kumaodzanyemba kweQinling-Huaihe Line muChina, nzvimbo dzemukati dzinobatwa nefungus kwenguva inopfuura hafu yegore. Kuchamhembe, Chikumi, Chikunguru, naNyamavhuvhu zvakare inguva yepamusoro yekukura kwefungus. Kunze kwemadziro, chakuvhuvhu chinogona kukura pamadhesiki, zvigaro, makabati, mbatya, mapillow, masinki, madhireni epasi, ma air conditioner, michina yekuwachisa, shangu, nezvimwe zvinhu zvemumba zvezuva nezuva.

Mavara efungus haasi ekungoonekwa chete uye anokuvadza zvakanyanya mararamiro ako; anogonawo kuunza migumisiro isingatarisirwi mumuviri. Muviri wako unogona kusangana nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvisingafadzi: kukosora nguva dzose, mhino yakavharika, kuoma kufema, uye ganda rinokwenya. Dambudziko rinogona kunge riri kuvanda mumakona iwayo ane madota—fungus isingaonekwe, isingaonekwe, inogona kunge iriyo inokonzera kusagadzikana kwako.

Tinoziva kuti hatifaniri kudya chikafu chine chakuvhuvhu nekuti chinogona kukonzera chepfu muchikafu, uye chepfu dzemudumbu dzine njodzi yekenza. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji havazivi nezvenjodzi dzehutano dzeimba ine chakuvhuvhu.

Makumi emakore apfuura, vanhu vakaona kuti kugara mune zvimwe zvivako zvakavharirwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine hunyoro mukati memba, kwaikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita semusoro uye matambudziko ekufema, izvo zvakavandudzika pakubuda muchivako. Izvi zvinozivikanwa seSick Building Syndrome (SBS) [1].

Mumakore gumi apfuura kana kupfuura, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinoratidza kuti chamu chinoperekedzwa nehunyoro hachisi chakaipa. Chinogona kukuvadza hutano hwevanhu kuburikidza nenzira nhatu: maitiro asina kujairika ekudzivirira muviri (akadai seallergies), hutachiona hwakananga, uye kushatirwa kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvinokonzerwa nechamu.

Muna 2004, Institute of Medicine (IOM) yakawana kuti kusangana nechakuvhuvhu mumba muvanhu vane hutano kwakabatana nezviratidzo zvemunzira yekufema yepamusoro, kukosora, uye kufemera [2]. Ongororo dzichangobva kuitwa dzinoratidza kuti spores nema enzymes anogadzirwa nechakuvhuvhu anogona kutora masero emapapu nekuparadza kubatana kwemasero, zvichikuvadza kufema [3, 4]. Muzhizha muine mukume mushoma, chakuvhuvhu ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera allergies—zvichikonzera kuhotsira kunonetsa, mhino dzinoyerera, mhino dzakavharika, kukosora, ganda rinokwenya, uye mapundu.

Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti vanhu vanosvika 10% vane ma antibodies eIgE anodzivirira chakuvhuvhu chinofemereka, zvichireva kuti vanogona kunge vaine allergies nacho [5]. Kune varwere vane asthma, chakuvhuvhu chinogona kukonzera kurwiswa neasthma; kuwana mavanga efungus kumba hachisi chiratidzo chakanaka. MuUS, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kusvika ku21% yevanhu vane asthma vanogona kunge vaine chekuita nedzimba dzekugara dzakanyorova uye dzakavhuvhuta [6].

Zvimwe zvipukanana zvemafungu, zvakaita seAspergillus fumigatus, zvinogonawo kukonzera njodzi huru yekutapukirwa nemapapu kune avo vane masoja ekudzivirira muviri asina simba, sevanhu vakwegura. Nhamba dzakabva kuPeking Union Medical College Hospital pavarwere vanopfuura 16,000 vane chirwere chemafungu dzinoratidza kuti vanenge hafu (49.3%) vaiva nemakore 61 zvichikwira, uye hutachiona hwacho hunonyanya kuitika mumapapu (semuenzaniso, mapapu) (81.7%).

Ongororo yakaitwa muna Gumiguru 2007 muAmerican Journal of Public Health yakawana kuti vanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, dzine chakuvhuvhu vane mukana wepamusoro we34% kusvika 44% wekuora mwoyo kana tichienzanisa nevaya vari mudzimba dzakaoma, dzisina chakuvhuvhu. Kurwara nepfungwa pachakwo kunogona kukonzera kusuruvara—"mhino yakavharika inotungamirira kuuropi hune mhute" ipfungwa chaiyo kune vazhinji vane allergy. Vaongorori vanoti rhinitis inodzokororwa, asthma, uye musoro unokonzerwa nefungus zvinogona kunge zvakabatana nekuzvidya mwoyo nekuora mwoyo [7].

01. Kufefetera!

Nzvimbo dzine rima, dzakanyorova, uye dzakavharirwa zvakanaka kwazvo pakukura kwezvipenyu. Kudzora hunyoro hwemhepo kwakakosha; zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kuvhura mahwindo nguva nenguva. Kufamba kwemhepo kunobatsira kudzora hunyoro uye kudzivirira kuti mumba musanyanya kunyorova. Sezvo zvipenyu zvichikura, zvinoburitsa spores, zvidimbu, uye zvinokanganisa organic (VOCs) mumhepo. Kufefetera kunochinjana mhepo yemukati neyekunze, zvichideredza zvinhu izvi zvine njodzi. Kune nzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakawanda (senge nharaunda dziri kumahombekombe), kufefetera kuchiri kubatsira—haufanire kusiya mahwindo akavhurika zuva rese; zvakakwana chete kuchinjana mhepo.

Zano: Kana zvichibvira, shandisa chinobvisa hunyoro kana chinhu chinodzivirira hunyoro cheAC yako kuti chibatsire kuchengetedza imba yako yakaoma.

02. Tsvagai Mould Yakavanzika Mumba Menyu

Zvakanakisisa kutarisa zvinhu zvinogona kubatwa neforoma nemakona akavanzika, akadai se:

1. Kuseri kwefenicha nepamakomba.

2. Mukati memhepo inotonhodza uye masisitimu eutsi.

3. Madziro, wallpaper, uye denga rakarembera.

4. Makabati emapuranga nemafuremu emubhedha.

5. Mbatya nemabhuku zvisina kubatwa kwenguva yakareba.

6. Nzvimbo dzakambodonhedza mvura kana kuti dzakanyikwa mumvura.

(Kana ukanzwa hwema hwema hwakasvibira paunenge uchitarisa imba yekurenda, enda kune inotevera!)

03. Tsiva, Chenesa, uye Bvisa Mabhakitiriya muZvinhu Zvine Mould

Kuzvirasa ndiyo sarudzo yekutanga—kunyange zvidimbu zvevhu zvakafa zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana.

Pazvinhu zvausingakwanise kurasa, bvisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona, chenesa, uye zvigare zvakaoma. Pakubvisa chakuvhuvhu, bleach yemumba (yakadai se 84 disinfectant) inoshanda. Sanganisa nemvura zvichienderana nemirairo, pukuta nzvimbo dzine chakuvhuvhu, pfeka magirovhosi, uye vhura mahwindo kuti upinde mweya. Zvizhinji zvezvinoshandiswa kubvisa chakuvhuvhu zvinosanganisa bleach nezvinhu zvinooxidisa (senge hydrogen peroxide) uye zvinopinda kuti zvive nesimba.

1. Zvinhu zvisingakwanise kucheneswa (senge shangu kana mabhuku): zvichenese zvakanaka uye zviise pachiedza chezuva.

2. Kana paine silicone sealant ine moldy: shandisa gel yekubvisa mold; kana mold yacho yakanyanya, bvisa sealant yekare woisa layer itsva.

3. Gara uchichenesa midziyo inoburitsa hunyoro, senge maAC nemichina yekuwachisa.

4. Kana uri kugadzirisa: tanga nekugadzira matekinoroji ekudzivirira hunyoro uye ekudzivirira chakuvhuvhu. Sarudza zvinhu zvisingapindi mvura, ita shuwa kuti mhepo inoyerera zvakanaka, uye gadzira dzimba dzekugezera dzisingapindi mvura, makicheni, masinki, nenzvimbo dzeAC.

Referensi:
[1]Park JH, Cox-Ganser J M. Kusangana nefuru uye hutano hwekufema munzvimbo dzine hunyoro mumba
[2] Chokwadi Pamusoro Pekuoma Uye Unyoro
[3] Wiesner DL, Merkhofer RM, Ober C, nevamwe. Club cell TRPV4 inoshanda se sensor yekukuvadza inokonzera kuzvimba kwemapapu.
[4] Jia LJ, Rafiq M, Radosa L, nevamwe. Aspergillus fumigatus inoba p11 yemunhu kuendesa fungal-ine phagosomes kunzira isingaparadzi.
[5] Bush RK, Portnoy JM, Saxon A, nevamwe. Migumisiro yekurapa yekusangana nefungus
[6] Zhang Li, Kang Mei, Chen Zhongju, nevamwe. Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvefungus munyika yangu: chidzidzo chekuongorora mafambiro ezvirwere munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana
[7] Shenassa ED, Daskalakis C, Liebhaber A, nevamwe. Unyoro nechakuvhuvhu mumba uye kuora mwoyo...
[8] Nhungamiro dzeWHO dzeMhepo Yemukati: Unyoro uye Mould